Uniting Life, Social, and Natural Sciences in Ecological Exploration
Bridging Borders: International Research, Local Impact
Beyond Theory: Practical Insights and Technical Advancements
Synthesizing Knowledge, Pioneering Tomorrow's Solutions
Strengthening Research Integrity, Fostering Collaboration
ABSTRACT: COVID-19 pandemic affected human lives as well as economy worldwide. Mango production has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has created difficulties for growers, markets, supply chains, and consumer behavior globally. The study was carried out to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cultivation of BARI Aam-3 by the growers of Porsha upazila under Naogaon district and Nachole upazila under Chapainawabganj district. Data were collected from 111 BARI Aam-3 growers. Descriptive statistics were used for data analyses. Majority of the respondents were middle aged, literate, belonged small household, had medium to large farm, medium annual income, had moderate knowledge on mango cultivation and some kind of off farm activities. Highest percentage of them had high training experience, medium extension contact, medium organizational membership, medium cosmopoliteness, low to medium innovativeness, medium farming experience, access to credit and available irrigation water. More than one-fourths (27.0%) of the respondents were very highly affected in getting market price. The highest portion of the respondents suggested about incentive, subsidies, inputs, laborer and marketing support and credit at reduced rate of interest.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, market price, labor, BARI Aam-3
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Corn is a vital cereal crop in Bangladesh, significantly contributing to food security and economy. However, the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, poses a severe threat to corn cultivation. This study evaluates the toxicity of four insecticides and their effect on the nutritional indices of fall armyworm. Experiment was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 with sweet corn variety BU Misty Vutta 1 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. In this research four insecticides: Winmax 40 WDG, Ripcord 10 EC, Marshal 20 EC, and Shobicron 425 EC, were tested on fall armyworm larvae at multiple concentrations. The mortality of fall armyworm larvae was observed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after treatment. Results indicated significant differences in larval mortality across treatments, with Shobicron 425 EC showing the highest mortality rate (100% at 72 hours after treatment), while Winmax 40 WDG showed the lowest. The median lethal concentration (LC50) and lethal concentration for 95% mortality (LC95) values supported the findings, with Shobicron 425 EC demonstrating superior efficacy. Additionally, Shobicron 425 EC resulted in the lowest food consumption (0.1), consumption index (0.2), Approximate digestibility (19.5%), Efficiency of conversion of ingested food (3.9%) and Efficiency of conversion of digested food (1.1%). The study concludes that Shobicron 425 EC is the most effective insecticide for controlling fall armyworm in sweet corn, suggesting its potential for integrated pest management strategies.
Keywords: Food consumption, digestibility, Zea mays, Spodoptera frugiperda, mortality
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Formalin usage as food preservative in Bangladesh has dramatically increased recently, especially in fish, fruits, and many other food products, putting the vast majority of people in serious health risk. With this background, the study was aimed to detect the alterations of gross structure and histoarchitecture of vital organs in Swiss albino mice due to the consumption of formalin. Mice were divided into five groups at the age of four weeks. Normal drinking water was supplied to the control group of mice. Mice of group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were supplied normal drinking water mixed with formalin at 1%, 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations, respectively up to week 24. Mice treated with varying concentrations of formalin for 24 weeks was assessed for the weight change of their liver, heart, kidney and lung weights. Investigations were also conducted on histological alterations in the liver, heart, kidney and lung. After 24 weeks of treatment of mice with different concentrations of formalin, the weight of all four major organs (liver, heart, kidney and lung) was decreased in all formalin-treated mice in comparison to control mice. Petechial hemorrhages, congestion, necrosis, and parenchymatous cell degeneration have been found in liver. Kidney sections have shown decreased Bowman’s space, hypertrophied glomerulus and tubular dilatation. Leucocyte infiltration, necrosis, and rupture of connective tissue have been seen in the heart sections. Lung sections have shown pulmonary alterations, including hemorrhages, thicker alveolar walls, and inflammatory cells. It was, concluded that formalin has adverse effects on vital organs of Swiss Albino mice.
Keywords: Formalin, food preservatives, toxicity, Swiss albino mice
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A taxonomic study on some crab-spiders genus Xysticus Koch was carried out in the southwest region of Bangladesh. Two species of spiders were identified in this study of which one species X. joyantiae n. sp. is identified as new to science and the other one X. minutus Tikader is a new record for the area of present study. Generic diagnosis, distribution, illustrated description and key to the species are described.
Keywords: Taxonomy, crab-spider, Xysticus, Araneae, Misumeninae, Thomisidae
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Organic matter amendments play a pivotal role in improving the soil’s physiochemical properties and crop productivity. This study was conducted to examine the effects of various organic matters on soil physicochemical properties and the yield of rainfed rice in Bangladesh. The research was conducted following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven treatments, viz. cow dung slurry (CDS), rice husk biochar (RHB), cow dung (CD), vermi-compost (VC) and trico-compost (TC) used @ 2 t C ha-1, and bacterial inoculant (BI) @ 4 ml plot-1. The findings indicated a reduction trend of bulk density as compared to the initial soil in all the organic matter-treated soils, where the highest reduction percent was found in the RHB (1.45%) treated plot, followed by CDS (0.74%), VC (0.74%), TC (0.74%), CD (0.73%) and BI (0.73%). Significantly higher total N was observed in inorganic matter-treated post harvested soil compared to initial soil. The highest total N was recorded in TC (0.12%) and CDS (0.12%) treated soils, followed by CD (0.11%), VC (0.11%), BI (0.11%) and RHB (0.10%). The significantly highest CEC (6.48 meq100g soil-1) was noted in RHB-added soil, while the lowest value (5.70 meq100g soil-1) was found in initial soil. The RHB exhibited the maximum quantity of P, S, and exchangeable K in post-harvest soils, with 12.75, 19.73 mg kg-1 soil, and 0.14 cmol kg-1, respectively. Plant height, tiller hill-1, panicle length, grain panicle-1, and 1000-grain weight were greatly influenced by the various treatments. In the context of grain yields, the treatments can be rated as follows: CD>CDS>VC>RHB>TC>BI>control. Thus, it was concluded that organic amendments improves soil fertility and the yield of rice, particularly in rainfed condition.
Keywords: Nutrient, organic materials, soil, Oryza sativa, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
Abstract: The Lepidopteran butterflies and moths are biotic components of the environment and important indicator taxa of land management practices. The abundance of butterflies and moths in Bangladesh has declined in the recent two decades due to rapid transformation of agricultural and forest lands for urbanization. By this time awareness among the researchers has developed for conservation of biodiversity, and they are showing much interest in survey and identification of Lepidopteran insect. The occurrence of Lepidoptera pollinator and pest species associated with cucumber, okra, tomato, mustard and mango crops were investigated at Gazipur in Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2019. Results showed that a total of 22 species of Lepidoptera were found on the studied crops. Of the Lepidopteran insects, thirteen species under four families were pollinator while nine species under six families were pest. The family Papilionidae encountered the top rank among the families. The rank abundance of the pest and pollinator species fluctuated and the pest species harbored with top and equal abundance on both tomato and mango. The abundance of the pollinator species encountered the top rank on tomato.
Keywords: Abundance, butterflies, moths, cucumber, okra, tomato, mustard, mango
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A biofloc is a composite collection of living and dead particle organic matter, bacteria, and phytoplankton. Biofloc technology uses a zero water exchange system to improve water quality by adjusting the C/N ratio to transform harmful nitrogenous wastes into beneficial microbial proteins. It may serve as a comprehensive supply of nourishment for aquatic species, as well as some bioactive substances that will improve growth, survival, and defensive mechanisms. It also represents a novel method for managing animal health in aquaculture by enhancing innate immune systems. The floc biomass offers a complete supply of nutrition along with a number of bioactive substances that are beneficial for raising the welfare indices for all aquatic creatures. Natural probiotics and immunostimulants, such as organic acids, polyhydroxy acetate, and polyhydroxy butyrate, are produced by the beneficial microbial bacterial floc and its derivatives. The method helps keep water quality parameters at their ideal levels in a zero water exchange system, preventing eutrophication and effluent discharge into the environment. The method may also help ensure biosecurity because there is no water exchange other than sludge removal. The technology is socially and environmentally acceptable as well as economically viable.
Keywords: Biofloc technology, organic carbon, C/N ratio, and non-specific immunity
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Natural products, such as plant extract, either pure compounds or standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities to control microbial growth owing to their chemical diversity. The quality and shelf life of fish products is increased by applying several kinds of natural additives when fish or fish products are handled, processed, and stored. Natural extract can reduce potential health hazards by replacing synthetic additives. Antioxidants can be found in various plant origins, including herbs, spices, fruits and vegetables, seaweed, etc. Antimicrobial activities are also observed in different natural extracts, which are the source of several types of bioactive compounds. As a result, plant extract can be used as an antioxidant or antibacterial agent in the treatment of chilled, frozen, and dried whole fish, fillets, as well as fish mince. Plant extracts have the potential to replace sulfating agents in crustaceans. The primary purpose of this review is to know about the use of different natural extracts as preservatives in different fish and shrimp products.
Keywords: Fish preservation, natural extracts, plant extracts
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Bangladesh is a developing country where contribution of agriculture in national gross domestic product is 12.68%. In agricultural sector, about 79% irrigation has been provided by groundwater. This review paper is prepared on the developing scenario of groundwater and its utilization efficiency, problems in groundwater use and relevant remedies to attain sustainable agriculture in Bangladesh. Due to the over extraction of groundwater, the depth of groundwater table has been declined (15%) miserably. Using redundant amount of irrigation water, conveyance loss (8-40%), arsenic contamination, insufficient recharge of groundwater etc. are the major problems behind inadequate groundwater use efficiency. Using alternate wetting and drying (AWD) method, reducing conveyance loss, diversifying cropping pattern, reforming national policies etc. are some effective measures to increase groundwater use efficiency required for sustainable agriculture. About 10,000 Tk. ha-1 can be saved just by minimizing the cost required to extract excess groundwater for irrigation. In Bangladesh, maximum national policies are focusing exclusively to the resource development rather than the resource management. The awareness can be built through different teaching programs among all the stakeholders. Rather than just imposing restriction on installation of tubewells, more constructive policies have to be announced by the policy makers. Seven different agencies are now working for the management of groundwater in Bangladesh. Besides other technical solutions, there should be a coordination among different organizations related to the groundwater management for the effective implementation of their target policies.
Keywords: Efficient water use, sustainable agriculture, underground water
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Bangladesh is enriched with its diversified marine fisheries resources. The recent increase in the country’s maritime area from its neighboring states, India and Myanmar, has opened a new window for fostering marine fisheries production in Bangladesh. This review aimed to discuss the present scenario of marine fisheries resources with their prospects in Bangladesh. The huge marine water area of 118,813 sq. km. supports many commercially important organisms, including 475 species of finfish, 36 species of shrimp, 16 species of crab, and 165 species of seaweed in Bangladesh. The marine water supplies 55.48% of country’s total production of Hilsha in Bangladesh. Overall, marine fisheries contribute 15% of the total fisheries production of 4.621 million metric tons (MT) during 2020- 2021. However, the sustainability of the marine fisheries resources is a great challenge to Bangladesh. Recently, climate change and the installation of coal-based power plants near the sea area have been the major concerns for maintaining the proper ecosystem of the marine water. Furthermore, due to a lack of stock assessment, lack of modern fishing vessel and scientific management strategies, marine fisheries resources have not yet been harvested rationally. Notably, the blue economy (BE) is an emerging concept in the country for the sustainable use of marine resources. In order to flourish the BE, sustainable conservation, management, and exploitation of these marine resources are necessary.
Keywords: Marine, fisheries, status, blue economy, prospect
Post Time: 2 years ago
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