Uniting Life, Social, and Natural Sciences in Ecological Exploration
Bridging Borders: International Research, Local Impact
Beyond Theory: Practical Insights and Technical Advancements
Synthesizing Knowledge, Pioneering Tomorrow's Solutions
Strengthening Research Integrity, Fostering Collaboration
ABSTRACT: The experiment was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to observe the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera in sesame field. The treatments were T1 (Caged with honeybees); T2 (Caged without honeybees) and T3 (Open plot). The result revealed that the highest number (101.8) of Apis mellifera pollinator visitation was in T1 treatment. The highest number of pollinator visitation was recorded from 6:00 to 9:00 am in all the three treatments. Whereas, the lowest number of visitation was recorded in mid-day (2:00 to 3:00 pm). T1 treatment caged with honeybee was the most effective in increasing flower number per plant (101.25), number of capsule per plant (86.5) and number of seeds per capsule (56.8) followed by the T3 treatment, which was significantly different. The 1000-seed weight was the highest in T1 (3.5 g) treatment followed by T3 (3.20 g). Yield of sesame was the highest (1.2 t/ha) in Caged with honeybee followed by open plot. Insect of Hymenoptera order increased (38.0%) with increasing percentage of flowers. The majority of the sesame flower bloomed between third and fourth week and flowering lasted for 42-50 days. Most of the bees were recorded when the number of flowers per plant was maximum (83.5) at the fourth week of flowering. Bee population decreased with the diminishing of flowers per plant due to advancing age of the crops.
Keywords: Honeybee, pollination, pollinators, sesame, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
Abstract: Bangladesh stands in third position globally in rice production where salinity is a significant abiotic stress that has a negative impact on rice which limit the crop production widely, affecting morpho-physiological characteristics of rice. Morpho-physiological characteristics such as plant height, root and shoot dry weight, leaf area index, number of effective tillers, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate etc. are reduces where Na+ -K+ ratio, total soluble sugar, proline content increases under saline conditions. Panicle length, number of filled grains/panicle, 1000-seed weight, total yield etc. are also reduced under saline condition in rice. Therefore, rice productivity is threatened by predicted climatic changes with persistent salinity over time in the world. To overcome the threat, it is essential to realize the morpho-physiological changes in rice under salinity and the modifications that needed in rice cultivation practices like using of salt tolerant cultivars, crop rotation, scraping, flushing, leaching, mulching as well as water and nutrient management, soil amendments etc. should adapt to mitigate and to cope with the unfavorable conditions induced by salinity.
Keywords: Salinity, morphological, physiological, yield, cultivation, management etc
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Insect pest poses a major threat to agricultural commodities and profitable crop production. To overcome the pest problem, farmers use different kinds of chemical pesticides, that generate negative impacts on the environment and human health. Usage of pheromones to control insect pest provide numerous benefits. Pheromone is a semiochemical produced and used by insects for communication. Different insect species biosynthesize pheromones in various sites of their body using different pathways, i.e., female moth uses mono- or poly-olefinicacetates, alcohols, or aldehydes compounds, whereas male moth uses aromatic compounds, mostly to attract their counterpart. These pheromones are biosynthesized in the modified epidermal cells through the modified fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. On the other hand, bark beetles produce terpenes, alcohols, or bicyclic ketals in their oenocytic cells, which act as a signal for gathering other members. The ways of chemical communication can be used to direct the agronomical harmful pests into the trap, which subsequently limits damage of crops by them. Pheromone traps provide various useful applications like monitoring the presence of any exotic-pests, trapping out specific pests, disrupt their mating, or even combine the application with insecticides. Several environmental factors like rainfall, temperature, wind speed, and non-environmental factors including the size of the pest population, and presence of migratory pests affect the effectiveness of pheromone traps. However, usage of pheromone provides an eco-friendly and biorational way of controlling the pest in agriculture, which out weight the harmful effects of chemical pesticides. This review discusses various classes of pheromones and their usage in eco-friendly management of insect pests.
Keywords: Pheromone, ecofriendly agriculture, pheromone traps, eco-chemicals, insect pest
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Apiculture has shown considerable development in honey bee rearing, and honey and other byproducts manufacturing that lead to an increase in pollination and conservation of the ecosystem. Precision apiculture (PA) is an apiary management strategy based on the monitoring of individual bee colony using a set of instrumentation to minimize resource consumption and maximize the productivity of apiculture. Bangladesh follows artisanal beekeeping methods for apiculture. The general rearing techniques are fixed and migratory rearing. Currently, hives and breeding programs are used as equipment for colonization and multiplication of the bees. Various information and communication technologies (ICTs) can be used in the beekeeping to partly support the beekeepers by implementation of automatic or semi-automatic solutions for the monitoring of bee colony. In addition, an Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor network-based technology could be experimented for the promotion of a low-cost precision apiculture (PA). However, PA systems should be optimized by searching for appropriate combinations of different sensors, and corresponding decision support systems that provide convenient, reliable and cost-efficient solutions. The development and specifications of a PA system should consider business interest, distance to the apiary, possible risk and other peculiarities. The aim of this report is to discuss the opportunities and challenges of the introduction of PA system for enhancing productivity in apiculture in a profitable and sustainable manners in Bangladesh.
Keywords: ICT, IoT, honey production, beekeeping, sustainable apiculture
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Land use land cover change (LULCC) is a major concern now-a-days. Conserving forests and other ecosystems is one of the 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development. Gazipur district dominating sal forest area in Bangladesh is experiencing extensive LULCC in last few decades. Objective of this study is to quantify the area of land use land cover change over the years. Landsat images of the year 1990, 2001, 2010 and 2019 of Gazipur district were collected for study. Analysis of images from 1990 to 2019, revealed that built-up and homestead were increased drastically. During 1990-2001, 2001-2010 and 2010-2019, built-up increased by 107.51%, 97.21% and 129.18 %, and homestead increased by 42.74%, 39.10% and 12.82%, respectively. Both the forest and crop/fallow lands were decreased where crop/fallow decreased by 2.82%, 13.75% and 11.15% and forest decreased by 40.10%, 13.25% and 14.56%, respectively, in last three decades. Crop/fallow lands were reduced due to conversion of crop/fallow lands to homestead (42909.03 ha) and built-up (5611.23 ha), whereas, forest was shrinking due to conversion of forest to crop/fallow (9091.98 ha) and homestead (9186.12 ha) during 1990 to 2019.
Keywords: LULCC, land conversion, landsat, remote sensing
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Embryo developmental competence of dysmorphic goat oocytes recovered from abnormal ovaries was evaluated following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by slicing of abattoir-derived goat ovaries and categorized according to morphology of the ooplasm into four groups as normal, paler, oocyte with big fat globules (BFG) and oocyte with darker zone (DZ). The COCs were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) in presence of CO2 (5%) at 35-38°C for 27 hours (h). The ICSI was performed with immobilized sperm on the lid of a culture dish (35 mm) under an Olympus inverted microscope fitted with Narishige micromanipulators. Injected oocytes were cultured for <192 h in modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF) medium in CO2 incubator. The maturation rates (mean±SEM) were 54.6±2.7, 56.7±4.9, 69.0±6.2 and 73.7±4.2% (P<0.05) for paler oocyte, oocyte with BFG, oocytes with DZ and normal oocytes, respectively. No significant difference was found between dysmorphic and normal oocytes in fertilization and cleavage rates. However, dysmorphic oocytes were arrested or degenerated at around 5-to 8-cell stage; whereas morula (12.6%, P<0.05) were obtained from normal oocytes. In conclusion, dysmorphic oocytes were less competent than normal oocytes in terms of embryo developmental capacity after ICSI in goat.
Keywords: Goat, COCs, oocyte, ooplasmic dysmorphism, IVM, ICSI, embryo
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Stress condition alters the seasonal events and appearance of plants. A field experiment was conducted during January to April 2020 to evaluate the effect of waterlogging on phenology and greenness of short duration soybean genotypes. Twelve genotypes such as BD2334, G00113, G00164, G00067, G00221, BD2331, G00138, G00312, G00058, G00060, G00025 and BU Soybean-1 (check) were tested under 4-days of WL comparing with no WL (control). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The results indicated that, WL stress reduced plant height and greenness while enhanced lodging. Genotype BD2334 and G00025 displayed better performance in terms of greenness under 4-days of WL stress, while other genotypes showed varying levels of response to WL. Genotype G00113 exhibited better lodging resistance under 4-days WL compared to other genotypes. As a whole, the soybean genotypes BD2334, G00025 and G00133 were found relatively WL tolerance concerning phenology and greenness Therefore, further research including those three genotypes is necessary at the field conditions for developing a WL short duration soybean variety.
Keywords: Soybean, short duration, genotypes, waterlogging
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: An experiment was carried out at Regional Sugarcrop Research Station, Gazipur, Bangladesh to identify best quality chewing type sugarcane considering the morphological attributes, fibre content and juice quality using fifteen genotypes, like Piyashi, VMC 86-550, Kazla, Fulpur gandary, Misrimala, Q 69, Co 527, Co 208, Madhumala, Misridana, Senegal, Bonpara gandary, Bombay along with BSRI Akh 41 and BSRI Akh 42 as check. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed a great variation in morphology, fibre content and juice quality of different chewing cane genotypes. The tallest cane (2.90 m) was observed in Bombay which is identical to Fulpur gandery (2.68 m), Senegal (2.60 m), Misrimala (2.57 m) and check variety BSRI Akh 41 (2.53 m). The genotype Senegal exhibited maximum girth (3.50 cm) with highest single cane weight (1.98 kg), while, the genotype Co 527 showed minimum number of internode (15.33) but highest number (161×103 ha-1) of chewable cane. Contrary, the longest internode (16.93 cm) was found in Misridana genotype. Fibre content however, lower in Senegal (8.90%) and Bonpara gandary (9.24%) genotypes. Considering juice quality, the genotype Modhumala was outstanding as it contained the highest proportion of purity (86.87%), Brix (19.51%) and sucrose (12.67%) although reducing sugar was the highest (1.40%) in Kazla and check variety BSRI Akh 41. As the best quantitative and qualitative parameters are found in different genotypes, future research is suggested for breeding program to develop new varieties of chewing cane with desired chewing characteristics.
Keywords: Chewing cane, morphology, juice quality
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A saline-tolerant soybean advanced line AGS313 from Bangladesh and a saline-sensitive variety Fukuyutaka from Japan were cultivated in pots under short-term saline condition to evaluate the effects of potassium (K+ ) application on mitigation of salt stress effect. Three levels of K+ (2, 4, and 8mM) were prepared in a half-strength ‘Enshi’ solution to apply on the pots from 13 days after seed sowing. The plants at the vegetative stage were subjected to 50 mM NaCl treatment for 15 days. The physiological responses such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, relative water content, leaf water potential (LWP), and exudation rate were measured. The accumulation of Na+ and K+ in the leaves were also measured. The yield components were recorded at harvest. The results indicated that all the physiological parameters, except LWP were decreased by NaCl application, regardless of K+ concentrations. Both the soybean varieties controlled Na+ transport into their leaves. AGS313 accumulated the highest amount of K+ in the leaves with 8 mM K+ application regardless of NaCl treatment. Salinity affected number of pods in AGS313 only, while seeds per pod in Fukuyutaka. However, 100-grain weight was not affected by the salinity. Thus, the yield reduction for AGS313 and Fukuyutaka were attributed to number of pods and number of seeds per pod, respectively. Salinity damage on AGS313 yield was alleviated considerably by K+ application. However, the yield improvement by K+ was not significant. This inconclusive improvement was probably caused by the restricted Na+ transportation under short-term salinity.
Keywords: Glycine max, salinity, ion accumulation, yield component
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Shifting cultivation with low fire intensity is widely practiced in Kyushu mountains, Japan. For investigating the effects of low intensity burning on chemical properties of soils, samples from the burned and unburned area of a field in Shiiba Village in Kyushu mountains were collected and analyzed. The growth and leaf mineral contents in buckwheat grown in burned and unburned areas were also measured. Results indicated that soil pH, available P, exchangeable K and Mg in the soil increased, though inorganic N was not affected by the burning. The plant growth was enhanced due to burning. However, only leaf P content was increased by the burning though leaf K and Mg contents were not changed. The effect of increased soil pH on buckwheat growth was unclear. Even the low intensity burning increased available P and increased the growth of buckwheat in Kyushu mountains under shifting cultivation.
Keywords: Available P, exchangeable base, Fagopyrum esculentum, slash and burn cultivation, soil pH
Post Time: 2 years ago
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