Uniting Life, Social, and Natural Sciences in Ecological Exploration
Bridging Borders: International Research, Local Impact
Beyond Theory: Practical Insights and Technical Advancements
Synthesizing Knowledge, Pioneering Tomorrow's Solutions
Strengthening Research Integrity, Fostering Collaboration
ABSTRACT: Increasing food demand of the growing people of Bangladesh can be mitigated by increasing cropping intensity in the limited land. During the period of 2011 to 2020, total cropped area of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fruits increased in exchange of the land area occupied by less profitable cultivation of jute and cotton. It is also notable that the production of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fruits increased but yearly use of pesticides as well as their import in Bangladesh decreased over last few years. In 2009, total pesticide use was 45172 metric tons which was decreased 37422 metric tons in 2020. In 2020, import value of pesticide was 79.17 million USD which significantly decreased compared to year 2008 having the import value 97.38 million USD. It may be happened act because of the implication of integrated pest management (IPM) strategy including different control measures such as cultural, mechanical and biological control methods including the use of pesticides.
Keywords: Land area, cereal, vegetable, fruit, cash crop, pesticides, integrated pest management.
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has been recently found to be a signaling molecule to environmental stress tolerance. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation (Experiments 1 and 2) and foliar application (Experiment 3) of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), as a H2 S donor, under NaCl stress. A Bangladeshi salt-tolerant soybean genotype ‘AGS313’ was compared with a salt-sensitive Japanese variety ‘Fukuyutaka’. While the shoot dry weight was improved by NaHS application in the experiment 1, the vegetative growth was not improved by NaHS application in the experiments 2 and 3. NaHS irrigation decreased leaf Cl content, while NaHS foliar application increased photosynthetic rate. These results showed that NaHS application had slightly positive effects on soybean under NaCl stress conditions.
Keywords: Glycine max, oxidative stress, photosynthetic rate, sodium chloride, stomatal conductance
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during 2018-19 to screen 40 country bean genotypes for resistance to common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) and bacterial brown spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae). Severity of the two diseases were measured following standard disease rating scales. At 120 days after transplanting the highest common bacterial blight severity was observed in genotype G2 (92.7%) and the lowest was observed in G59 (5.7%). The highest severity of bacterial brown spot at 120 days after transplanting was found in genotype G63 (95.7%) and the lowest severity was in G61 (5.3%). Four genotypes (G27, G59, G79 and G83) were resistant and five genotypes (G2, G4, G30, G52 and G90) were highly susceptible to both the diseases. Yield performances of the genotypes were also studied. The highest dry seed yield was found in genotype G83 (666.7 g/plant) and the lowest yield was produced by genotype G63 (29.4 g/plant).
Keywords: Country bean, bacterial blight, bacterial brown spot, resistance, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Epilachna beetle Epilachna dodecastigma (Wied.) is a destructive pest on cucurbit in many parts of the world. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the field efficacy of five biopesticides in the Entomology field laboratory of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh during March to October 2017. Five treatments of three concentrations as Bioneem plus 1.0 EC and Ecomec 1.8 EC @ 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15% while oils of neem, karanja and castor @ 5%, 7.5% and 10% were applied. The effectiveness of the treatments against the epilachna beetle was evaluated on the basis of percent reduction of beetle population at 24, 48, 72 and 120 hours after treatments (HATs). The number of beetle population decreased soon after spray but with increasing time the number of beetle population was also increased. However, among the treatments ecomec 1.8 EC at 0.15% concentration proveded the best results upto 67.2% beetle population reduction followed by Bioneem plus 1.0 EC after 120 HATs as compared to control. The highest number of fruits (9.3) was harvested at 0.15% concentrated Ecomec 1.8 EC treated plot as 62.4 kg while the lowest in the control treatments. Therefore, being biopesticides having less or no hazard on human health and environment they might be incorporated for safe control of E. dodecastigma on pumpkin in field conditions.
Keywords: Epilachna dodecastigma, biopesticides, field efficacy, yield, sweet gourd
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was conducted in Dhanbari and Madhupur upazila under Tangail district through pre-tested questionnaire survey among the target farmers (60 farmers per upazilla) during July to October 2020 to gather knowledge on existing socio-economic aspects of summer vegetables growers as well as their opinion on insect pests and insecticide application against those pests at farm level. Most of the farmers were middle to old aged with illiterate to primary level of education having small to medium farm size, small to medium family size with moderate farming experiences and medium to low level of annual income. According to the farmers opinion, brinjal shoot and fruit borer, okra shoot and fruit borer, fruit fly, whitefly, hairy caterpillar, armyworm and jassid were the major insect pests of brinjal, okra, cucurbits, red amaranth, Indian spinach and taro in the selected areas. For combating those insect pests, farmers mainly used Thiamethoxam (20%) + Chloranlraniliprole (20%), Carbosulfan (20%), Emamectin Benzoate (5%) against shoot and fruit borer, Profenofos (40%) + Cypermathrin (2.5%) as well as Cypermathrin (10%) against fruit fly, Chlorpyrifos (50%) + Cypermathrin (5%) as well as Imidacloprid (20%) against whitefly and Cypermathrin (10%) against hairy caterpillar.
Keywords: Survey, pattern of pesticide use, vegetable pests, pesticide hotspots, pest management
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is extensively cultured in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to detect the health hazard microbes (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and other pathogenic bacteria) in Nile tilapia fish and their sensitivity against the antibiotics. Total plate count (TPC) of bacteria, E. coli count, presence/absence of Salmonella, Vibrio and antibiotic sensitivity test of the isolated bacteria were done by the standard microbiological method. The highest TPC was 4.995 Log 10 CFU/g, and the lowest was 4.822 Log10 CFU/g. E. coli ranged from 2.462 Log10 CFU/g to 2.903 Log10 CFU/g. The TPC value showed insignificantvariations and almost all were within the acceptable limit range. No Salmonella and Vibrio cholerae were found. Escherichia coli were found in seven samples, Leclercia adecarboxylata were found in six samples, and P. alimentorum was found in six samples. Seven antibiotics were used for antibiotic resistance testing, and isolated bacteria mostly showed resistance toward ampicillin, and only four isolates showed resistance to nitrofurantoin and oxytetracycline. The highest sensitivity found for ciprofloxacin. Results of the study indicate that pathogenic bacteria are present in retail tilapia fish, and some are resistant to antibiotics. Consumers in Gazipur are at risk regarding for antibiotic resistance of tilapia.
Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus, Total plate count, Escherichia coli, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Proteus alimentorum, antibiotic sensitivity
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during Rabi season of 2019-20 to investigate the growth and yield performance of mustard varieties without taking insect pest and disease management approach. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design consisting of seven mustard varieties, viz. BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-12, BARI Sarisha-13, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, BARI Sarisha-16, and BARI Sarisha-17 as treatments and replicated thrice. All the growth and yield attributes including yield, substantially varied among the mustard varieties except the phenological parameters. The findings showed that varieties differed significantly in the durations of their vegetative and reproductive stages except branch initiation. The lowest duration was BARI Sarisha-12 (72.5±12.0 days) and the highest duration for crop maturity was recorded in BARI Sarisha-11 (118.3±2.0 days). There was significant variation in seed yield (t/ha) and harvesting index (HI) among the varieties but there was no statistical variation in seed yield/plot and 1000-seed and weight. BARI Sarisha-13 secured the highest seed yield (2.1±0.2 t/ha) and harvest index (HI) (34.5±1.3%), therefore this variety is recommended for cultivation for higher yield.
Keywords: Marginal pest management, Brassica, growth, biological yield, Harvest Index (HI).
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: BARI alu25 (Asterix) is a popular potato variety released by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute in 2005. The present research was carried out to identify the problems confronted by BARI alu25 growers. The study was carried out in Sirajdikhan and Tongibari upazilas under Munshiganj district, and Pirgacha and Mithapukur upazilas under Rangpur district. Data were collected from 80 growers including 40 from each district following disproportionate random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for expression of results. Findings reveal that majority of the respondents (68.8%) faced moderate problems in BARI alu25 cultivation followed by low (18.8%) and high problems (12.5%), respectively. Lack of proper management in cold storage and no arrangement for compensation were the top ranked problems followed by minimal price of potato during production boom, high cold storage charge and unavailability and high price of input, respectively. Respondents’ level of education, training experience, extension contact and cosmopoliteness had significant contribution to their problems faced in BARI alu25 cultivation. Growers’ training experience was the most significant contributing factor to their problems confrontation. The concerned authority may arrange more functional training, impart more agricultural advices and assistance, and arrange adult education facilities for the farmers to solve their problems.
Keywords: BARI alu25, Asterix, problems, cold storage, market price
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Goats are considered as one of the most promising animal resources in Bangladesh. Reproductive disorders of does are the major causes of reduced fertility as because estrous, pregnancy and parturition are prerequisites for reproduction. This experiment was carried out to isolate and identify non-specific bacteria causing infections in the reproductive system of does along with investigating the gross and microscopic lesions, and to study the prevalence of reproductive diseases of doe in Gazipur district. The study was performed at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University from the time period of September 2018 to August 2019. A total of 30 female genitalia was examined for pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). Standard microbiological protocols were used to isolate and identify the bacteria e.g. bacteriological media preparation, different staining techniques, different biochemical tests, sugar fermentation tests, etc. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epididermis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from the examined samples. The highest cultural prevalence was found in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus assorted infection (93.33%). The most frequently found cases were cystic ovarian diseases and metritis. E. coli was frequently isolated bacteria from the case of metritis. The highest lesions was observed in the ovary (83.34%) followed by uterus (66.67%), cervix (43.34%), vagina (26.67%) and fallopian tube (16.67%).
Keywords: Diseases, goats, prevalence, bacteria, protocols
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was aimed to diagnose the pregnancy at the earliest possible time by USG and, to assess the fetal growth and development (FGD), and fetal number in Black Bengal (BB) goats. Ten cyclic BB does were used and does in estrus were allowed to be mated by fertile BB bucks. Ultrasonographic examinations for pregnancy diagnosis (PD) were performed trans-abdominally using real-time B-mode scanner equipped with a 5 MHz transducer. The results demonstrated early pregnancy in BB does as early as 21 to 25 days of gestation with an accuracy of 20% (only in two does out of ten; 2/10). However, the accuracy of PD increased to 80% (8/10) at 31 to 35 days and up to 100% (10/10) at 36 to 40 days (onwards) of pregnancy. The gestational sac (GS) was observed in the form of circular and elongated fluid filled structure in only 5 does (5/10) with 50% accuracy at 26 to 30 days after mating. The GS became clearer and more prominent with gestation advances, and accuracy rate was 100% within 36 to 40 days. Placentomes, fetal leg buds and vertebral column were visualized as early as 30 to 40 days with accuracy of 50% (5/10), 40% (4/10) and 30% (3/10), respectively. Additionally, the visualization accuracy of placentomes, fetal leg buds and vertebral column was increased to 100% (10/10) between 51 to 60 days of gestation in BB does. The overall accuracy in fetus number detection was 86.67% on 31 to 35 days of gestation.
Keywords: Black Bengal does, early pregnancy, diagnosis, transabdominal ultrasonography
Post Time: 2 years ago
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