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ABSTRACT: Plant extracts were used to assess their insecticidal activities on Epilachna beetle on bitter gourd. The experiment consisted of six different treatments 1.Control 2. Malathion 57EC 2ml/1L of water; 3.Tephrosia leaf extract 20 g fresh leaf/100 ml of water; 4. Neem oil sprayed at 3 ml oil/1 L of water 5. Neem leaf extract at 20 g fresh leaf/100ml of water; 6. Bishkatali leaf extracts 20 g fresh leaf/100ml of water and there were three replications. The botanical extracts showed varying effect on Epilachna beetle population. Among the plant extract Tephrosia leaf extract showed higher activity against the Epilachna beetle. On the other hand, the highest insect infestation was observed in untreated control and Bishkatali and neem oil was 2nd and 3rd in the rank. Hence, it may be suggested that Tephrosia leaf extract, Bishkathali and Neem would be treated as a ecofriendly pest control method.
Keywords: Momordica charantia, Ephilachna sp, pesticides
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Submergence is a serious environmental condition that causes large loss in rice production in rain fed lowland and flood affected area. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as a submergence-sensitive crop species. Within this species, there are considerable varietal differences in sensitivity to this environmental stress. The experiment was conducted in the exprimental farm of Bangladesh Rice Reserch Insitutute, Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2014-2015 to evaluate 46 submergence tolerant rice genotypes through genetic variability, correlation and path analysis. Most of the charactersof genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) values were close to each other, which indicated that those characters were controlled by genetic factors. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was fastened for panicle weight, spikelet fertility percentage, thousand grain weight and grain yield suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters. Correlation study revealed that significant correlations at both phenotypic and genotypic level exist between yield per plant and panicle weight, spikelete fertility percentage, and thousand grain weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that panicle weight, spikelet fertility percentage, days to maturity and thousand grain weight had direct positive effect on yield, indicating these are the main contributors to yield. This study reveal that panicle weight, spikelet fertility percentage, days to maturity and thousand grain weight may serve selection criteria for improving genetic potential of rice.
Keywords: Genetic variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Abundance and diversity of insects associated with guava Psidium guajava plant was observed in the Horticulture nursery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during August 2016 to July 2017. Insects were monitored by collecting sweep net, aspirator and visual observation on the leaf, and the insects were categorized into pest, predator, pollinator and other group. Abundance, richness and diversity of insects among the categories ranged from 0.9 to 61.1, 0.6 to 6.3 and 0.2 to 0.7, respectively. The pest insects showed significantly higher abundance compared to other categories. The pollinator insects showed the highest richness followed by pest, predator and other group. Diversity index was found highest in the predator category. Relative abundance of pest, predator and pollinator insects varied from 0.7 to 40.1%, 1.1 to 77.3% and1.5 to 30.1%, respectively. Scale insect, ant and house fly revealed the highest abundance among the pest, predator and pollinator insects, respectively. Insects were most abundant at 11.00 h of the day and the landing duration of the pollinator insects ranged from 12.9 to 43.19 s flower-1, and house fly spent longest duration.
Keywords: Landing duration, pest, predator, pollinator, Psidium guajava
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of cow dung and poultry litter for controlling rats was evaluated in the wheat field at Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur and poultry farm at Kapasia, Gazipur during January to May 2013 and 2014. Four different concentrations of cow dung and poultry littler solution i.e., 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% cow dung and poultry litter solution including untreated control were used for repelling burrowing rats. In wheat field 30% and 20% cow dung solution were found effective (65% success) for repelling rat. In poultry farm 70% success was observed at 30% poultry litter solution followed by 20% poultry litter solution (60% success) for repelling rat.
Keywords: Rat, repel, cow dung, poultry litter
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Two field experiments were conducted in the Horticultural Research Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during November 2017 to May 2018. In the first experiment, the varietal performance of the carrot genotypes namely BU Carrot 1, New Kuroda, Chantanany Kuroda, Sin Kuroda and Kuroda-35 were studied. The second experiment was undertaken to find out the effect of different concentrations of GA3 (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm) on the seed yield of BU carrot 1. The BU Carrot 1 showed the highest root yield (25.8 t ha-1) followed by New Kuroda (22.7 t ha-1). The highest seed yield (1243.0 kg ha-1) was obtained in the treatment sprayed with 200 ppm GA3, which was significantly higher from those of 300 ppm of GA3 (774 kg ha-1) treatment. The findings showed that BU Carrot1 had higher performance of yield compared to other genotypes and it provided the highest seed yield with the foliar application of GA3 at 200 ppm concentration.
Keywords: Carrot genotypes, root yield, seed yield, GA3
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Abiotic stresses adversely affect plant growth and productivity leading to series yield losses. Submergence stress is one the major abiotic stresses that affects crop growth and yield. This study was conducted in the experimental field of Bangladesh Rice Reserch Institute, Gazipur during 2014-2015 to evaluate 46 submergence tolerant rice genotypes through agronomic traits. The experiment was laid out with a randomized complete block designwith three replications. Ten agronomic traits Viz. Plant height (cm), effective tillers per plant, Days to 50% flowering (days), flag leaf length (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle weight (g), spikelet fertility (%), days to maturity (days), thousand grain weight (g), and yield/plant (g) were studied to measure nature of association between these traits and yield. Results showed that ample variability existed in all the traits under studied. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with panicle weight, spikelet fertility percentage and thousand grain weight of rice. Days to 50% flowering had strong positive association with days to maturity. From this study panicle weight, spikelet fertility percentage, days to maturity and thousand grain weight may serve selection criteria for improving genetic potential of rice.
Keywords: Abiotic stress, submergence tolerance, rice direct effect, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was conducted at Gazipur, Jessore, Narsingdi, Satkhira and Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh to know the arthropod pests infesting on the ornamental plants viz., rose, China rose, tuberose, gladiolus, thuja, ixora, marigold, chrysanthemum, cosmos and dahlia. A total of 51 insect and 4 mite species were identified as arthropod pests to the selected ornamental plants. The highest percentage of arthropods caused damage (23%) on rose and the lowest damage level (3%) was found on ixora. Abundance of the major and minor pests was 16% and 84%, respectively. The arthropod pests were under 10 taxonomic Orders and the Order Hemiptera showed the highest abundance (31%). Rose plants were attacked by 13 insect pests and single mite species of which thrips, aphid, bud worm and red spider mite were found as major pests. China rose was infested by 12 species of arthropods and all of their status were minor pests. Six species of arthropods caused damage to tuberose, among them aphid and bud borer were found as major pests. Gladiolus and thuja were infested by 5 and 4 species of arthropods and their major pests were thrips and bag worm, respectively. Scale insect and aphid were found as the minor pests of ixora. Five species of arthropods infested on marigold and the occurrence of aphid and mealy bug were major pests. Chrysanthemum and cosmos were infested by 5 and 2 species of arthropods, respectively and which were identified as minor pests. Four species of arthropods attacked dahlia, and mealy bug was found as major pest.
Keywords: Survey, insects, major pest, minor pest, ornamental plants
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A field experiment was undertaken to determine the contribution of yield components to yield of Aman rice grown under different levels of mixed fertilizers. Three high yielding Aman rice varieties (BR11, BRRI dhan31 and BRRI dhan32) and six fertilizer levels constituted the treatment variables. Six fertilizer levels were no fertilizer, mixed fertilizer at the rate of 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 and individual fertilizer at the rate of 250 kg ha-1. Results showed that applied fertilizers had profound effect on yield components of all the three rice varieties of Aman rice. Among the yield components, response was maximum in tiller production where the highest number of tillers (299 m-2) was recorded in the variety BRRI dhan31 with individual fertilizer which was identical to the tillers (295 m-2) of the variety BRRI dhan32 produced with the mixed fertilizer at the rate of 300 kg ha-1. Correlation study indicated that contribution of tiller number is the highest to the yield of Aman rice varieties as indicated by 1.0 correlation coefficient. Regression analysis revealed that maximum yield of 5.10, 5.35 and 5.70 t ha-1 of BR11, BRRI dhan31 and BRRI dhan32 may be obtained by mixed fertilizer optimized at 250, 370 and 360 kg ha-1, respectively.
Keywords: Aman rice, genotypic variation, mixed fertilizer
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was conducted in the experimental field of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to evaluate the efficacy of nine plant materials against sucking insects namely jassid and whitefly on okra variety BARI Dherosh 2. All the treatments revealed a significantly lower abundance of jassid and whitefly on the okra plant in 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment but did not affect the population of natural enemies. Okra plant exhibited better morphological attribute and yield in the botanicals treated plots compared to control. Significantly the lowest abundance of the sucking insects was found on the neem leaf extract treated plants. The neem leaf and garlic extracts showed statistically similar and higher plant morphological traits as well as yield.
Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, botanicals, jassid, white fly, predator
Post Time: 2 years ago
Abstruct: Environmental occurrence of the polymer-based materials (PBMs) and their associated chemical additives have been recognized as an emerging worldwide problem, and their impacts are now a subject of wider scientific and social interest. Production of PBMs have increased substantially over the last few yearsdue to their flexible nature, making them compatible for use in domestic, industrial and developmental purposes. PBMs can be released into the environment form a variety of sources. The principal introduction routes being general littering, dumping of waste materials, migrationfrom landfills, emissionduring refuse collection and air-blasting technologies. Once in the environment, PBMs can be broken down by thermal,biological and chemicalprocesses. A numberof literatures to date have addressed the impacts of PBMs in the environment and eventually on human health. Bulk PBMs are well documented as entanglement and ingestion hazards. Interaction of PBMs with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been shown to biomagnify in food webs causing traumatic injury and cardiovascular diseases in human body. This review summarizes up-to-date findings about the source and occurrence of PBMs in both aquatic and terrestrial environments, various degradation processes of PBMs and most important, the harmful effects of PBMs on environment and human.
Keywords: Aquatic, environment, food webs, organic pollutants, terrestrial.
Post Time: 2 years ago
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