Uniting Life, Social, and Natural Sciences in Ecological Exploration
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ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to know the insect pests attacking country bean Lablab purpureus plants in Sylhet Agricultural University Campus, Sylhet, Bangladesh, and to find out the relationships of the abundances of the insect pests with number of bean pods and prevailed temperature during the study period. Aphid Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae), epilachna beetle Epilachna duodecastigma (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), shoot borer Acrobasis caryae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and pod borer Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were found as the insect pests of country bean plants. Aphid and pod borer showed significant positive relationship with number of pods of country bean and temperature. Abundances of ephilachna beetle and shoot borer were negatively correlated with the number of pods of the country bean.
Keywords: Lablab purpureus, Sylhet, temperature, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
Abstract: Five winter vegetables (bean, brinjal, bitter gourd, cauliflower and cabbage) were collected from six markets of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh from 25-30, October 2018. Residual pesticides like Acephate, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Fenotrothion, Malathion, Chlorpyrifos and Quinalphos in vegetables were determined using Gas Chromatography with Flame Thermionic Detector (GC-FTD) at Pesticide Lab in BARI, Joydevpur. The results revealed that Bean collected from Shalbagan bazaar, Katakhali bazaar, Kharkhari bazaar, Binodpur bazaar and Baneswar bazaar of Rajshahi contained 0.257 mg/kg, 0.380 mg/kg, 0.364 mg/kg, 0.165 mg/kg, and 0.062 mg/kg dimethoate residue, respectively. All the values detected were higher than maximum residue level (MRLs) which is 0.01 mg/kg. Bean samples collected from Shaheb bazar contained 0.051 mg/kg diazinon and 0.044 mg/kg chlorpyriphos residues which were higher than MRL vaues (MRL 0.01 mg/kg). Cauliflower samples collected from Shaheb bazar also contained 1.423 mg/kg chlorpyriphos residue which were about 28 times higher than MRL (MRL for cauliflower is 0.05 mg/kg).
Keywords: Pesticides, residue analysis, vegetable, gas chromatography, and food safety
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to identify the actors in the pineapple value chain, assess profit margins of main actors along the chain and identify constraints and opportunities of pineapple value chain in Tangail district. The survey data were collected from 20 pineapple producers and 30 traders. The actors were divided into three categories such as: (1) Aratdar, (2) Bepari and (3) retailers. The results revealed that average yield of pineapple per acre was 2510 pineapples per year and the average price at farm level was Tk. 18 per unit. Total cost per acre of pineapple cultivation was Tk.38988.72, while gross margin of pineapple per acre was Tk. 24014.50. Average gross return of pineapple producers was Tk. 45062.50 per acre. Value addition by producer per pineapple was Tk.15.95. Producers covered 47.25% of total value addition and the lowest value 5.95% was added by Aratdar. About 95% of the producers’ stated that inadequate and underdeveloped communication system, and transportation facilities were the major problems. Improvement in communication and transportation system can help to improve the situation.
Keywords: Pineapple producer, value chain, actors, Bangladesh
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Differences in morphological traits, yield and seed production performance of five chili varieties, namely BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 2, BARI Morich 3, BINA Morich 1 and Bogura Morich were evaluated avoiding management of mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) field under field condition. Leaf position-based abundance of mite among the varieties differed significantly. Mite showed significantly the lowest and the highest abundances on BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, respectively. The studied chili varieties revealed variations in most of the superficial and numerical traits of their morphology. Adaxial and abaxial leaf trichomes, plant height, and number of branches, leaves and fruit per plant, and seed per fruit were found the highest and lowest in BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, respectively. Statistically similar and the highest yield was found in BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, and the lowest yield was in BARI Morich 3. Mite infested fruits of the tested varieties showed statistically similar reduction in length, diameter and number of seeds per fruit.
Keywords: Abundance, chili, morphology, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of Planting on Phenology and yield performance of ten dwarf soybean genotypes, viz. G00041, G00042, G00046, G00053, G00154, G00166, G00197, G00204, G00221, G00351 and BARI soybean-5 (standard check). The seeds were sown on 10 October, 2011 and 19 January, 2012. The results indicated that plants of October sowing flowered and matured significantly earlier than that of January sowing. Among the genotypes, G00154 flowered earlier, while BARI soybean-5 flowered the last. In October planting, the earliest maturity was observed in genotypes G00041 (80 days) followed by G00154, while BARI soybean-5 needed the longest time (92 days) for maturity. In January planting, the shortest maturity time was also required for the genotype G00041 (86 days) which was statistically similar to the genotypes G00042 and G00154, while BARI soybean-5 required the maximum time for maturity (107 days). Seed yield in January planting was significantly higher than that of October planting. In January planting the highest seed yield plant-1 was obtained from BARI soybean-5 (6.97 g plant-1) which was statistically similar to G00166 (6.87 g plant-1) and G00197 (6.35 g plant-1). However in October planting the highest seed yield was obtained from the genotype G00166 (6.11 g plant-1) which was statistically similar to BARI soybean-5 (5.83 g plant-1). It was concluded that the suitable time of cultivation of dwarf soybean genotypes G00166 and G00197 is during mid of January.
Keywords: Planting time, seed quality, short duration soybean
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and dry matter accumulation in different organs, and phenology in relation to days to flowering and pod maturity were analyzed in five soybean genotypes, namely BARI soybean-6, BU soybean1, BD2329, BD2331 and AGS313. Genotypes showed significant difference in their growth pattern. AGS313 showed the highest NAR at 85 days after emergence (DAE), followed by the short growth duration variety BU soybean1 at 75 DAE. The lowest NAR was found in BARI soybean-6 and BD2331. CGR progressively increased with the advancement of growth stage up to 75 DAE and thereafter it declined. BD2329 showed the highest CGR, while BU soybean1 the lowest. BU soybean1 had 50% flower on 36.6 DAE while AGS313 had that on 58.6 DAE. BU soybean1 matured within 87 DAE, while AGS313 took the longest time of 112 DAE. AGS313 accumulated the highest amount of dry matter at all the growth stages than others, and BU soybean1 had the lowest. Among the genotypes, BU soybean1 had the highest rate of dry matter accumulation in leaf up to 55 DAE, though the variety had the lowest dry matter in stem throughout the growth period. At the reproductive stage i.e. during 65 DAE to 75 DAE, BU soybean1 had the highest rate of dry matter accumulation in pod followed by AGS313. It was concluded that BU soybean1 was the shortest variety and highly efficient one in transporting dry matter from vegetative parts to the reproductive organs.
Keywords: Genotypes, growth analysis, phenology, soybean
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Ratargul swamp forest is the only freshwater swamp forest in Bangladesh having its unique features. This forest contains greater biodiversity which is essential for maintaining a sustainable environment. Therefor, a survey was conducted to gather information regarding faunal biodiversity of Ratargul swamp forest fifty respondents were participated in the survey work done from November 2017 to June 2018. The survey reflected that frog, dhura, bok and monkey were the major species as opined by 70%, 60%, 50% and 82% of the respondents, respectively. Considering conservation level of animal species, gulma snake (80%), bok (68%), monkey (62%) and frog (50%) were the safest faunal species but some animals like maculated tree frog, ulo pura, vulture, kufi bagh and mecho bagh were extinct as opined by 24%, 18%, 12%, 34%, 22% of the respondents, respectively.
Keywords: Amphibian, mammal, reptile, bird, swamp forest
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some bio-rational pesticides, such as Biskatali and Neem leaf extracts, Tracer 45SC (Spinosad), Protect 5SG (Emamectin benzoate), Trix (liquid detergent), Neem and Mahogany oils against aphid and pod borer attacking country bean. Among the treatments, Tracer 45SC, Protect 5SG and Neem oil exerted the lowest aphid population and the lowest flower infestation at early, mid and late fruiting stages. Tracer 45SC, Protect 5SG and Neem oil revealed significantly lower levels of pod infestation compared to other treatments. Tracer 45SC, Protect 5SG and Neem oil also resulted significantly higher marketable yield than that of the control. The economic analysis of the treatments showed that the highest marginal benefit cost ratio was obtained from Tracer 45SC which was closely followed by Neem oil and Protect 5SG.
Keywords: Plant extract, oil, Emamectin benzoate, Spinosad, Lablab purpureus
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Drought is a severe environmental constraint to plant productivity. The objective of this review paper is to understand the effects of drought stress on the growth, physiological process and development of crop plants. This paper also describes the morphological and physico-chemical basis of drought tolerance of plants. Drought stress regulates water relation, nutrients uptake, photosynthesis, respiration and other physiological processes of plants. Severe and prolonged drought even causes death to plants. Being very complex, the drought tolerance mechanism involves a number of morphological, physiological and biochemical processes at cell, tissue, organ and whole-plant levels, when activated at different stages of plant development. While the plant is under drought, escape and avoidance, phenotypic flexibility, cell and tissue water conservation, antioxidant defense, had plant growth regulators are some of the important morphological and physiological mechanisms involved for survival of crop plants. Further, development of tolerant variety and agronomic manipulation can also be effective tools for drought management under field condition.
Keywords: Climate change, crop growth, photosynthesis, transpiration
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar-spray of NPKSB on the productivity of soybean grown from seeds of different sources, viz. farmers, private seed traders and Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC). The yield and yield attributes of soybean significantly increased when the plants were sprayed with NPKSB fertilizers at the pod-filling stage. The longest plant (115 cm) was obtained from seed source of BADC and sprayed with NPKSB, while the shortest (100 cm) was found with farmers seeds under control condition. The highest number of pods per plant (51) was found from the plants grown with seeds of BADC and sprayed with NPKSB, followed by that grown with the private trader’s seeds; while, the lowest was recorded from that grown with the farmers’ seeds. The foliar spray showed a significant increase in 1000-grain weight irrespective of seed sources. The heaviest 1000-grain (121 g) was measured from the plants grown with BADC seeds followed by that of private traders’ seeds, while the lowest 1000-grain weight was measured from that collected from farmers’ source. The highest grain yield (2.71 t/ha) was obtained from the plants grown with the seeds of private trader’s source and sprayed with NPKSB nutrients, followed by that collected from BADC source. The percent of increase in soybean grain yield due to application of NPKSB was 51, 25 and 17% for private seed traders, BADC and farmers seed sources, respectively. Therefore, seeds collected from private seed traders responded better to NPKSB spray compared to that of BADC and farmers seed sources.
Keywords: Foliar applied nutrient, pod-filling stage, seed-sources, soybean productivity
Post Time: 2 years ago
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