Uniting Life, Social, and Natural Sciences in Ecological Exploration
Bridging Borders: International Research, Local Impact
Beyond Theory: Practical Insights and Technical Advancements
Synthesizing Knowledge, Pioneering Tomorrow's Solutions
Strengthening Research Integrity, Fostering Collaboration
ABSTRACT: Cultivation of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is of significant globalimportance, especially in Bangladesh, where it ranks second after potato. The production of brinjal in Bangladesh was 619000 Mt in 2021-22. However, the annual brinjal production in Bangladesh lags behind to leading brinjal-producing countries like India, China, and Japan due to various challenges encompassing environmental factors, soil conditions, insect pests, and diseases. One of the most formidable challenges is the infestation of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which inflicts substantial yield losses and threatens food security. This review synthesizes existing knowledgeand innovations to provide a comprehensive understanding of management strategies to combat this notorious pest. This article states the effectiveness of various approaches, and their ecological and economic impacts, and offersinsights and recommendations for sustainable management strategies of BSFB.Integrated pest management (IPM) packages have demonstrated significant success in reducingthe infestation of brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Among the tacticsof IPM, culturalpractices such as mulching and clipping proveto be highly effective in reducing infestation levels. Neem oil and leaf extract have shown to be effective in controlling this pest.
Keywords: Leucinodes orbonalis, infestation, damage, management
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The cultivation of soybean is still concentrated in the coastal region of greater Noakhali District of Bangladesh, where salinity hinders crop production. There is no suitable salt tolerant variety so far. At Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, 170 soybean genotypes were screened and finally three,namely AGS313 (BU soybean-3), G00028 (BU soybean-4), and BD2330 were found fairly salt tolerant at 5 and 10 dSm-1 salinity. In Rabi 2022-23 season the selected three genotypes, G00056 as a high yielding promising genotype, and three varieties namely BU soybean-2, BARI soybean-6 and Binasoybean-2, i.e. altogether seven genotypes were grown in 700 decimals land, both saline and non-saline soils, of 12 farmers in different upazillasof Noakhali, Laksmipur and Bhola districts. The seeds were sown by the last week of January’ 23. Salinity of the fields at harvestwas found 5- 13 dSm-1, thoughinitially varied from 0 – 4 dSm-1. Yield contributing characters were measured appropriately. Standard error was used for showing the mean differences. Farmers’ discussion on the performance of the genotypes were held from time to time. Salinity decreasedplant height, maturityduration, number of pods plant-1, 1000-seed weight and grain yield ha-1. However, AGS313 and G00028 were affected less than other genotypes. Under non-saline and low saline conditions relatively higher yield was found in BU soybean2 (2657 kg ha-1 in Bhola, 3397 kgha-1 in Subornachar), G00056 (2341 in Laksmipur sadar, 3390 kg ha-1 in Subornachar), AGS313 (2612 in Ramgoti, 3266 kg ha-1 in Subornachar) and G00028 (2464 in Bhola sadar, 3374 kg ha-1 in Subornachar) compared to other genotypes. The lowest yield was found in BARI soybean6 (1715 kg ha-1 in Ramgoti) followed by Binaoybean-2 (1868 kg ha-1 in Laksmipur sadar). However, under saline field conditions (5- 8 dSm-1) G00028 (866 kg ha-1 in Komolnagar, 1374 kg/ha in Subornachar) and AGS313 (860 kg ha-1in Ramgoti, 1333 kg ha-1 in Subornachar) produced substantially higher yield than other genotypes/ varieties. The lowest yield was obtained from G00056 (170 kg ha-1) from Komolnagar. Based on the results of multi-location trials, and discussions with the farmers the genotypes AGS313 and G00028 were registered as BU soybean-3and BU soybean-4, respectively as relatively salt tolerant varieties from the National Seed Board.
Keywords: Glycine max, salinity, variety, yield
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A high level of noise in classroom impairs verbal communication of students, which have negative effects on the cognitive performance. The high noise can also limit episodic memory of students. In this context, this study was conducted to measure the noise levels and its impact to students in selected roadside government primary schools in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh during May to November, 2022. The noise level was measured with the help of a digital sound level meter and a questionnaire survey was conductedamong the studentsto evaluate the perception of noise. The results show that the average noise levels (Leq) in the roadside primary schools varied between the 74.1 and 80.1 dBA, with maximum noise 108 dBA and minimum 57.2 dBA. These noise levels are higher than the permissible rangeof 35 dBA recommended by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO).The high levelof noise was foundto school adjacentbusy road. Duringnoise impact study,the majority of students (70%)expressed that their school are noisy “very much”. They indicated that outside factors are responsible for excess noise in school premises. About half (51.7%) of the students responded that noise distracted their attention from the lesson and only 1% of students suffered from moderate headaches due to noise pollution. In terms of immediate reaction to excess noise, the majority of students (62.5%) had to cover their ears with hands to prevent noise hearing.
Keywords: Noise level, dBA, primary school, noise impact
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Adolescent’s reproductive health is a serious concernin Bangladesh. The present study was based on primarydata of 150 rural adolescent females of Chinguspur village, Bogura Sadar, Upazilla of Bangladesh. Objectives of the study was to assess the socio-demographic features of sample rural adolescent females and to explore the level of knowledge and awareness to demonstrate the role of the information and education (media, counseling, services facilities) in the management of reproductive health issues. The mean age of the respondents was 16.2 years. The religion of the surveyed population were found 92% Muslim while 8% Hindu. A large number of rural adolescent females have been found to discontinue education after a few years of schooling. Only 14% girls are currently enrolling and reading in class nine or more. Most of the girls (36.33%) in the study population used pieces of old cloths/rags (nekra) as pads during menstruation, while some did not use anything. 39% of the rural adolescent females used rags that were wet or had not been dried in a hygienic fashion. Among all most of them were not known or received any information about the management of menstruation before their first menstruation. The study revealed that 72.41% of adolescents were suffering at least one complication or problems of menstruation, were not visitedor seeking any consultation or treatment from any serviceproviders available. Only 27.59% taken consultation from the service providers. While 41.66% go to traditional or herbal practitioners (locally called Kobiraj) but 33.33%visited to qualified doctors. The study indicated that the rural adolescent femalesof the study area poorly informed about most of the reproductive health issues. They have misconceptions regarding healthy management of menstruation and a big gap between their knowledge, attitude and practice.
Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, reproductive healthcare, adolescent, puberty
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Salt stress is a significant environmental problem that restricts crop productivity. Despite being an important oilseed crop in Bangladesh, little is known about the phenotypic and physiological responsesof sesame (Sesamum indicum) to salinity. In order to measure the plant height,number of leaf plant-1, dry matter accumulation capability, leaf water uptake capacity, leaf chlorophyll content, and yield response six sesame genotypes viz., BD-6980, BD-7009, BD-7011,BD-6994, BD-6983, and BD-6999 were grown in pots and exposed to a 7.5 dS m-1 simulated salty environment. Thesegenotypes were chosenfor this investigation from 86 genotypes according to the relative germination percentage at 10 dS m-1 salinity. Results revealed that plant height, number of leaf plant-1, dry matter accumulation capability, leaf chlorophylls a and b content, and yield were reduced in all the genotypes, but reduction rate was lowerin genotype BD-7011.On the other hand, wateruptake capacity in sesame leaf was increment in all the genotypes under salinity but increasing rate was lower in the same genotype BD-7011. These results suggest that the sesame genotype BD-7011may be able to withstandsalt stress with little detrimental effects on the growth, physiological traits, seed yield.
Keywords: Abiotic stress, oilseed crop, physiological traits
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: The present study assessed the status of forest governance of Bhawal National Park (BNP) in Bangladesh. The research employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify and analyze data. The study identified that the BNP authority adhered to well-defined and coherent forest policies and laws of forest governance, having highest score (i.e., about 4.27) in five-points rating scale. However, the enforcement of forest laws and regulations by the jurisdictional authorityis hindered due to insufficient resources, including budgetaryconstraints, shortage of forest officials and staff, inadequate toolsand technology, and delayed implementation resulting less effective influence on the forest governance. The involvement of stakeholders in decision-making processesand access to information is limited. Additionally, there is not always a high enough level of transparency and accountability, sometimes leading to misconduct and corruption among forest officials, secured the lowest score of forest governance (i.e., 1.15). Overall, the composite score is nearly 1.90 represents less significant influence of forest governance for BNP resulting in one-third of the park is completely under encroachment. The findings of this study are crucial for policymakers to determine the priority areas within the various components and pillars of forest governance.
Keywords: Bhawal national park, forest policies, governance, implementation
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted at the Floriculture field of Horticulture Research Centre, Gazipur during Rabi season of 2021-22 to find out the effect of preharvest spray of different hormones (GA3, SA and BA) at different concentrations on flower and vase life of gladiolus. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized CompleteBlock design with three replications. The treatments were T1=GA3 @ 100 ppm, T2=GA3 @ 200 ppm, T3=GA3 @ 300 ppm, T4=SA@ 100 ppm, T5=SA @ 200 ppm, T6=SA @ 300 ppm, T7=BA @ 100 ppm, T8=BA @ 200 ppm, T9=BA @ 300 ppm and T10 = Control (fresh water). Healthy corms of gladiolus having a diameter of about 5.0 cm were used as plantingmaterial. The aqueoussolution of GA3 (100, 200 and 300 ppm), SA (100, 200 and 300 ppm) and BA (100, 200 and 300 ppm) along with control (fresh water) were applied twice on the flower plants at three and six leaves stage. Flowering parameters of plants as well as vase life of flowers were significantly influenced by the application of hormones. Among all the treatments, application of SA @ 100 ppm was recorded to be an outstanding treatment in improving floraland vase qualityattributes i.e. highestspike (78.5 cm) and rachislength (52.8 cm), maximum floret number/spike (14.5), biggest floret diameter (10.0 cm) and early spike initiation (65 days) were observed as compared to control. The maximum floret opening (90%), highest water uptake (45.0 g) and maximum vase life (12 days) were also noted with SA @ 100 ppm in gladiolus.
Keywords: Gladiolus, preharvest spray, gibberellic acid, benzyladenine, salicylic acid, vase life
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most damaging pests of many economically important crops. The acaricidal, ovicidal and nymphal activity of three essential plant oils viz. neem, mahagoni, castor and two insect growth regulators viz. buprofezin and lufenuron + Emamectin benzoate were evaluated against T. urticae under laboratory conditions and in the potted plants. Results showed that mahagoni oil (100%) and lufenuron + emamectin benzoate(100%) performed the most efficient acaricidal agent againstT. urticae in the laboratory conditions. Mahagoni oil also showed the highestovicidal efficacy (77.2%)and lufenuron + emamectin benzoate (74.6%) showed the second highest ovicidal efficacy against T. urticae. Castor oil showed the lowest percent of ovicidal efficacy (48.1%). In the case of the nymph, the highest average mortality was observed in mahagoni oil (55.4%) followed by lufenuron + emamectin benzoate (52.8%). The lowest nymphal mortality was observed in castor oil (31.3%). In potted bean plants, all the treatments showed a significant reduction in the adult population over control up to 21 days. The adult T. urticae population’s survival rate progressively declined throughout the length of the days after treatment (DAT) for each treatment up to sevendays, then slightlyclimbed up to 21 days. However mahagoni oil (77.8%) and lufenuron + emamectin benzoate (72.2%) showed the highest mite mortality compared to all other treatments. Thereforemahagoni oil and lufenuron + emamectin benzoatewere found to be the most effective to control T. urticae.
Keywords: Country bean, Tetranychusurticae, mortality, plantoils.
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: A taxonomic study on the crab-spiders genus Thomisus Walckenaer was carried out in different areas of coastal region of Khulna, Bangladesh. Two species were recorded in this study of which T. bhagabatin. sp. was identified as new to science and another one T. cherapunjius Tikader was recorded for the first time in Bangladesh. The generic diagnosis, description of the species, distribution and key to the species was provided.
Keywords: Taxonomy, morphology, crab-spider, Araneae, Misumeninae, Thomisidae.
Post Time: 2 years ago
ABSTRACT: Periodical weed surveys were conducted during 2020-21in Jashore, Jhenaidah, Chuadanga, Meherpur and Khustia districts of Bangladesh to observethe severity and allelopathic effect of Parthenium hysterophorus on field crops. Parthenium infected the crops differently as observed in rice ( 8.75), maize (11.45%), lentil (12.45%), chickpea (32.40%), field pea (57.63%), jute (57.63%), cotton (13.45%), mustard (63.85%), sesame (17.50%), groundnut (28.35%), pointed gourd(11.50%), pumpkin (8.45%),onion (30.47%), garlic(26.25%), turmeric (17.50%), potato (38.75%), banana(24.33%), sugarcane (60.25%), napiergrass (55.00%) and marigold (11.25%).Allelopathic effect was examinedusing 5% aqueousleaf extract of P. hysterophorus ingermination test and results showedcomplete failure of germination in seeds of sesame, jute, pumpkin, red amaranth, chili, radish and tomato. Seeds of other crops germinated poorly in aqueous solution of parthenium with reduced radicle and plumule growth. Among the different crops, wheat had the highest reduction in radicle (96%) and plumule (94%) length compared to their control.
Keywords: Parthenium, infestation, allelopathy, aqueous extract,germination, seedling growth
Post Time: 2 years ago
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